Assignment 2 - Objectification theory

After reading the ''Objectification theory'' and ''The Beauty Myth'' I noticed that there are a lots of meaningful theories that everyone should know especially the beauty myth which deals with the beauty concepts. There were a lot of theories that were very interesting and very meaningful. But one that attract my attention is sentence which says: In 1962, Betty Friedan quoted a young woman trapped in the Feminine Mystique: 
''Lately, I looked in the mirror, and I'm so afraid I'm going to look like my mother.''
This sentence deals with the concept of beauty. For many people the idea of being beauty is the idea of having a thin body and a  beautiful face. But this is absolutely wrong. A beauty women is not about the appearance how she looks but the beauty is inside her spirit, her thoughts. Being beauty is not about the age how young an old  you are. A young person should not even say that I,m going to look like my mother. Because every age has its beauty not even the young age but also the old age. Even the wrinkles itself hat their beauty.
Also in the lecture I have marked one sentence '' ... women's bodies are always looked at and potentially objectified...''I totally agree with that because it is true but it shouldn't be.Women are treat like object by men. They see them as a toy on their hand.But why should they think so.Women and men shouldn't be as  objects.     

Assiggnment 2-Objectification Theory

Reading “The Beauty  Myth” reminded me again that the whole idea of  being beauty : you have to look to a certain way youngful ,thin ,without wrinkles  is completely wrong.I like the idea how the author Naomi Wolf describes the relationship between women and beauty relating it to examples, facts of our everyday life,so in a way we could understand better the main  porpuse of the article.

 In the first lecture was a sentence that made me rethought about it and I partially disagree it.”That is,women come to view and treat themselves as objects to be evaluated on the basis of their appereance-or to self-objectify.” I said partially because at some points I agree it.For example it is true that women’s body is treated as an object,not  by them,but by men.We also saw some amberrasing advertisements in the lecture of sexism where women were as some toys in the hand of men.Something that I don’t like is the way how the author think that women treat themselves as objects to be evaluated.According just to that part:women treat themselves as an object ,he means that she doesn’t love herself ,she doesn’t have feelings,thoughts or a reason to live.I disagree it because women are as much human beings as men and first of all they have respect for themselves. I think that a smart woman would never used her appereance to evaluate because she knows quite well that her beauty won’t last for long and what will happen  when her beauty get  lost that means that also her evaluation will end?

 After reading “The Beauty Myth” something that I didn’t like was the way how the author was expressed ,in  this sentence:Aging in women is “unbeautiful” since women grow more powerful with time, and since the links between generations of women must always be newly broken: Older women fear young ones, young women fear old. The idea about aging is “unbeautiful” is completely wrong.In this case it is like a division between the young girls with a fresh skin that can be determaind as beautiful and on the other hand there are the oldest one that can be called as “unbeautiful”.It doesn’t have sense.It is true that woman grow more powerful with time,because I think that are some lessons to learn that are just not available within the fullness of youth .Everyone has the stages of their life,as it is youth which is filled with its own important lessons and mistakes at the same time it is the againg stage that comes with wrinkles ,grey hair and as she said :more powerful with time,but this doesn’t mean that can be unbeautiful or that they fear each other and the links between them is broken.On the contrary the link between them is strong enough to understand each other,because the oldest once were young and the youngest women will be old.There is no escape.I believe that Mother Nature knows what she is doing.

Assignment 2 Objectification theory

I read the two materials and i found many information about objectification theory and beauty myth.
I found many sentence that i agree and disagree ,but the two  sentence that attract my attention are:

One phrase is in the lecture "The beauty myth "
"The beauty myth is always actually prescribing behaviour and not appearance"
 The appearance is the first part when men are looking for a woman not their  behaviour, and this is a wrong thing because we should not look the appearance of a person but their behaviour.I absolutely agree with this sentence  because we should not look their appearance  to someone but their behaviour, their  feelings,how they look inside and not outside.We should baisd in inner beauty not outer beauty,because the look of person can be easily changed  everyday. They think that outer beauty is everything for them, but they forget that the most important thing is inner beauty, is the soul that they have not the face that they have.
If we don't have an awesome look, it doesn't really matter just be good inside. People around you will appreciate you for what you are, and not for what you have or how you look.

Another passage that i found was about the SOQ(self-objectification questionnaire) which concluded that...   "This  difference score represent the relative emphasis  given  to these two dimensions: more positive scores indicte a greater emphasis on physical appearance (how the body look),whereas more negative scores indicate a greater emphasis on physical competence(how the body feels or what it can do)."   I disagree with this phrase because people should not appreciate the way how their body look,  but how their body feels. Every person should feel comfortable with their body to believe in their self and not what others says. In now days we see people that are more interested in the way how  their body  look and not how they feel.They are always  inclined to have a beautiful appearance, to have a perfect body ,but they forget that what is more important is  how they feel inside, they forget one thing, they  are humans and not objects of beauty.

Assignment:2  Objectification theory.

After reading the ‘’objectification theory ‘’and ‘’ beauty myth ‘’ I found two sentences in which I agree and in the other one  disagree. Starting with ‘’I often worry about  whether  the  clothes I am wearing   make make me look good’’. I disagree with this phrase because personally, i wear those clothes that really like me that make me feel good. Nowadays,is it spread the fact that women devote importance the way of the dress. Well, i think that here affects mentality and they think what the others are going to say about me and not what I really feel about myself. Today’s society mostly, of the people not say the all people  appropriate the outer look of the women and they forget the inside part is the most important than the first. In my opinion, it doesn’t matter what the others say about you just feel free about your choices.

‘’ Beauty is not universal or changeless’’ I agree with this phrase because it is a construction. Beauty means behavior in the beauty myth. Might there exist an universal beauty? Of course, that no. Of course that the  the ideals of female beauty comes from the platonic ideals of female.

Assignment 2 Objectification theory

 The Two materials that i read ,noticed  that they are a lot's  of theory about objectification and beauty myth.  It shows us how woman are objectified in the modern world, and how they feel about it.
At the beauty myth i noticed a frase which  grab  my attention:
"Thirty-three thousand  American woman told researchs that they would rather lose ten to fifteen pounds than achieve any other goal. "

Nowadays  we see woman and girls that wan to do cosmetic surgery only that they would be desirable to the men's  eyes. Thinking about one think to be beautiful and charming they forgot that the real beauty is inside  in our soul. Losing weight or doing cosmetic surgery for many women means finding a good job and be respected. But i totally disagree with this  because to become a better person doesn't mean that you have to lose weight or to do cosmetic surgery, you need to be educated and well prepared.  In my opinion doing cosmetic surgery or losing weight only to feel beauty is a waste of time because  everyone is beautiful inside.

In the lecture i found a frase  in which I am totally agree with it:
"In general, media portrayals  are considered sexually objectifying when the visual media spotlight woman's bodies and body parts,especially when depicting them as the target of a nonreciprocated male gaze."


About this frase i agree because nowadays we can see in television commercials, magazines, music videos that use women's body only to have more views in their music or more sale in their magazine. Woman body is used everywhere like their own property doing what they want with it  exposing parts that effect directly in our life. Doing this kind of things can make us feel ashamed  about our own body and life. In my opinion exposing women's bodies in daily life is wrong and we need to change it.

Assignment: 2/ Objectification theory.

Reading the lecture material and the pages of the book called "The Beauty Myth" i found two sentences, one at the lecture material about objectification theory, which I disagreed and one sentence from the book which I agreed.
     The sentence which I disagree on the objectification theory is: "Research that has investigated older samples of women suggests that age may be a protective factor against self-objectification and the associated consequences." Well, I think that the age doesn't represent a woman. Women, especially the old one, are discriminated when it comes to this point because, they are told that they are not beautiful because of their wrinkles on their faces and a lot of companies make a lot of money selling powders. Women, young or old, should be evaluated for their hearts and not for their wrinkled faces.
     The sentence which I completely agree from the book "The Beauty Myth" is: "The beauty myth is always actually prescribing behavior and not appearance". A lot of people, especially nowadays, when they firstly hear "the beauty myth" they think that all has to do with the appearance, but no. It has to do with the behavior, with the character. So, this is the reason why I liked so much this sentence given on the book, because it gives a real definition about "beauty". "Beauty" is not about the appearance, is about the behavior, the character, how we act, how our hearts truly are. There are a lot of women who have face or body disorders and might not look beautiful, but this doesn't mean that they are not beautiful. Their behavior which is reflected from their hearts, might be more beautiful than the people who are beautiful just outside and not inside.

Assignment 2

"The Beauty Myth"
 'The Beauty Myth' is a wonderful article because it describes how images of beauty are used against women and there is one expression that attracted my attention .
 "It is very little to me," said the suffragist Lucy Stone in 1885, " to have the right to vote, to own property etc , if I may not keep my body, and its uses, in my absolute right."
 I personally agree with Lucy because women are always seen to a lesser degree than man. In fact women are treated in different manners by different people. If a woman can not keep her body and its uses in her absolute rights than it is very little to her having the right to vote or to have her own property because the so-called 'beauty myth' in this case is her body and the way that it is treated. In much cases the body of a woman can be used to make money by working as a prostitute while sleeping with other men. Also, a womans body is used in advertising. This beauty myth is used against her by doing actions that she do not want to do.

 I also read the lecture and want to mention only one phrase:
 "Women come to view and treat themselves as objects to be evaluated on the basis of their appearance - or to self-objectify."
 I can say that I agree and disagree with this phrase because womens it is treated in the manner how she treats herself. I agree because womens let other people to treat them as objects and they are all right with this situation. They do not care what happens and only want to be in the center of attention but there are some other womens that are independent and do not let other people treats them as objects but do what they want to do. Womens want to be treated or evaluated on the basis of their appearance not what they feel inside on their spirit. Sometimes it is more important how you are inside not outside because the outside beauty is not universal or changeless because you can change but the only thing that can not change is your spirit. Women should evaluate themselves because no one else will.

Assignment 2

"The Beauty Myth"
After reading the lecture The Beauty Myth there are some points that i agree and some points i do not. In this lecture it is said that " The qualities that a given period calls beautiful in women are merely symbols of the female behavior that period considers  desirable : The beauty myth is always actually prescribing behavior and not appearance".  I personally agree with this statement mainly because beauty does not make or form someone as a human being, which means that the appearance is not always connected with the behaviour. More specifically, I believe this because what matters is the inner part of our souls.

On the othet hand, there is a statement that i do not agree. "During a century and a half of unprecedented feminist agitation, they effectively counteracted middle-class women's dangerous new leisure, literacy, and relative freedom from material constrants". I disagree with this, because I am against this attitude towards the female gender during those times. The women were not given their freedom to enjoy their free time and do things for their satisfaction.



In the second lecture, as regards Sexual Objectification it is said that " That is, women come to view and treat themselves as objects to be evaluated on the basis of their appearance- or to self-objectify. In particular, it is the subtle practice of sexualized gazing that women encounter as they move in and out of a variety of social contexts that coaxes girls and women into adopting this evaluative gaze as their own self-perspective".  I disagree with the feminist theories that women view and treat themselves as objects to be evaluated on the basis of their appearance or to self-objectify, because women are unique human beings and they should be treated with respect and understanding. Appearance does not play the major role for the evaluation of the female gender, but they should be treated with respect for their inner world and well-behaviour.


Moreover, as regards Objectification Theory and Sexual Dysfunctions it is said that "As with eating disorders and depression, women experience more sexual dissatisfaction and sexual dysfunction than do men. The subjective experiences associated with sexual and self-objectification, such as body shame, appearance anxiety, and inattention to internal body states, arguably interfere with achieving orgasm".  I agree with this statement, because all these factors affect the internal body states of a woman. All these disorders do lead to sexual dysfunctions as a result, women feel lower sex-esteem and satisfaction.

Assignment 2: Analysis of two objectification theories

Reading the two materials, I came upon several theories about all kinds of objectification and beauty concepts. The thing I like the most about these materials is the fact that they provide the reader with examples and researches in order to give better explanations about what is being presented to us.
There were a lot of theories that absolutely enchanted me at “The Beauty Myth”. Nothing that I didn’t knew before but seeing it so well presented and elaborated made me even more aware of the How’s and Why’s a society is the way it is. I would like to extract a passage from there that says: 

“After years of much struggle and little recognition, many older women feel burned out; after years of taking its light for granted, many younger women show little interest in touching new fire to the torch.”                                                                                   

While being well aware of all the fights women have done during centuries they still haven’t achieved the status of feeling free. It is pretty ironic actually but I do understand those who claim that there is no more inequality between men and women. The reason why that occurs is because they are either living in a box or they were taught since childhood that feminism isn’t an actual thing. Not accepting inequality and inequity among men and women is the first mistake that people make that leads them astray of the real situation.                                       

Back in the days the most difficult thing to fight against was the mentality. Women were trying so hard to change people’s perception and attitude towards biological causes as well as to implement the idea that natural behaviors were acceptable. They were trying to develop a society and they still are, but somehow still get all the shame and contradictions.  I don’t blame older women. They feel tired. I understand what it feels like to struggle your way up to the top and still not getting any kind of recognition because of situations such as sexual ignorance or encapsulation of ideas. It is funny how women who have fought their whole life for their rights, even in their old years they are attacked and defined with claims such as: “aging is unbeautiful”. It’s understandable how such a thing can make you lose hope and feel burned out.
 Many people may assume that younger women are considered luckier at some point, because they are not the one’s taking the initiative to make a revolution. That was done long ago from their ancestors and what young women should do now is to keep their position in society high, their moral intact, their motherhood on point and their appearances on ‘fleek’. This sentence has Stupidity written all over it. Wanting women to be perfect human beings according to a male driven society perspective just makes their freedom look optional. Cause if not, they are not perfect...than they are worthless. Young women today have it harder to prove they are capable of a lot of things. Even though many things are changing there are still young women who show little interest in touching new fire to the torch. Society is slowly colonizing female consciousness and the breaking relation between female liberation and female beauty is a more accurate thing as many people may think. 
Young women wanting to be more beautiful in order to be accepted by society is making them neglect on being soul free. While many others are trying to keep that old fighting flame still going on, are facing all kinds of prejudice. But they are respected and feared. That’s why I love them.  

It was hard to disagree on the theories presented at the lecture but I think one of them really caught my attention.

“One of the key assumptions of objectification theory is that women self-objectify in response to both attracting and managing the male gaze.”

While it is a good thing that this is considered just as an assumption and not as a fact it still isn’t acceptable. Claiming that women self objectify in order to have males attention is not something to be considered as a self objectification theory rather than just a vain mentality occurring by both parts because there are also men who self-objectify in order to attract women with materialistic objects or body figures. I do agree that there are people who do this but the feeling of attracting a male is not the main reason self-objectification.

The root of this problem is the lack of self esteem these individuals have. Psychologically speaking, in order for them to have a higher self esteem they have the urge and need to feel wanted by the other sex. Lacking confidence leads a person away from the richness of their soul and mentality. They focus only in the appearances and encapsulate the feeling of love and passion mainly in their outer world, forgetting that there is more that meets the eye.

This assumption does not qualify as real because having a mental disorder is not something you can explain by the attention one may have from men. There is an example on the text about the eating disorders among lesbian women which may qualify as inadequate according to the self-objectification assumption but I think that self-harming in order for women to attract other women is possible as well. So in my opinion, craving attention from other sexual partners is one of the many outcomes but not the root of this problem and I believe that you cannot address the thought of feeling wanted to other people rather than to your own perception and mental attitude.

Week VI: Objectification theory

Week VI

"Objectification Theory, Self-Objectification, and Body Image" by Rachel M. Calogero

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/10637634.pdf

"The Beauty Myth" by Naomi Wolf

http://www.alaalsayid.com/ebooks/The-Beauty-Myth-Naomi-Wolf.pdf 

Assignement 1 - Encounters with sexism on everyday life.

 

Sexism is a serious issue that is part of the advertisements produced by numerous big companies in "big screens" but it can even be shown in the smallest and simpliest of "self-promoting" ads that people make in order to offer a product , service etc. 

In the pictures shown above we can clearly see that these ads have some similarities. All three of them are promoting houses that can be rented but there is also another key-word in each one of them , which is of course that these people are offering their places for girls (presumably girl students). 

These pictures were taken quite near A.Xhuvani's University but if you could just have a walk around the city ,you would be able to find ads like these everywhere. Most of these ads offering houses for rents have the same requirement , which is that the person who is willing to rent the place must be a girl. The problem that stands here is that there is also a decent number of male students that are in a search for a place to stay when university begins , every single year. The search for these male students is quite more difficult in comparison to the other gender mostly because owners have created the idea that boys (young man) aren't grown enough in order to be serious and look after a whole house by themselves. Of course that there are no graphic images or even insulting words in these ads that may offend these young men but the fact that they may even end up becoming college commuters can have a huge impact on their education and performance.

In my opinion these ads clearly show the minds of stereotypical people that are limiting the availability of their offers when they could just leave them to the whole group of people (without specifying any genders).

assignment 1

“Learn to
Train your wife in 5 easy lessons”

“I mean what the hell...”.   To suggest your wife is “trainable” like a pet goes way post servant fantasy and enters the realm of indentured  slavery. In this ad is a female who has exposed many parts of her body just because the man wants it. The woman looks like an object in the service of her husband doing what he wants and fulfilling his desires.What does this means? That women are objects in the service of men...! 

Assingnment 1-Sexist advertisement

  The purpose of a advertisement is attract the attention of the people this one one of them. This is a bell telephone advertisement from 1959.Here is a women and her children but there is not the husband of the wife.The advertisement is about a phone that the women need to have expeciolly in their kitchen where the pass all the time. They are in the kitchen and maybe the husband may be on the work.On that time but even today it is put the idea that the man should work for the family and the wife should stay at home, cook and care out of the children's.But where is the problem if they work both and take care for their children. Even today we have advertisements like this where is only shown the women and the children 

Assignement 1

First of all we are aware that the role of an advetisment is to attracts the attention at people.all companies intention is to profit money,all this is commercial thing.In my preception as long as this is a legal way to advertise,its's totally ok,the only thing which I don't agree and I'm against,is the exaggeration of some companies in the advetising.They profit too much,usng women images,to attract people's attention especially when images are with women who pose their bodies half naked.For me this is not acceptable.This picture that I have chosen,shows exaggeration,as we see 2 women half naked.and a man with a normal wearing,advertising an alcohol beverage.This picture mostly attracts its attention at girls half nacked,with a beautiful body,using this way the purpose is to get as much customer as it can to buy this product.Anyway I don'n judge only one part as in this case the company but I also judge the girls who has accepted the agreement on this picture.As far as the company has made an agreement before about this advertisment,it has the right to be justified.

Assignment 1

"Genese Beer, a little more exciting"
In this advertisment is a girl sitting on a beer and she has exposed her body. In this way that she is exposed she is attracting the attention of men to buy the beer. This is the way how the producers of the advertisments have decided to promote a product such as a beer. Except the fact that this is totally disrescpectful and illogical we can also add the fact that the only consumers who are target to buy this product are Men. Womens are treated as objects just to sell products. Many advertisment have womens in their posters because they are considered to be the only delicate creatures and males are supposed to get seduced by them. They are advertising that a beer might be more exciting with a woman on top of it. 

Assignment 1

In my opinion this advertisement is sexiest because the man believe that if he blows the smoke on her face, she will follow him anywhere.It is clearly show that company has use the woman body to sell the cigarette.In this advertisment ,we can see a picture of a handsome man and a beautiful woman. The man smoke Tipalet and blow to her face.The text, "Blow in her face and she will follow you  anywhere" ,is also sexually suggestive because it symbolizes the power of man and he could defeat the woman easily with one blow.The advertisement is about smoking, if a woman tries smoking than she will be addicted to man's.In these ad is show how young man manipulate woman into believing that a certain brand of cigarette might make her sexier and more attractive to men. The problem is that, man treats woman as an object that can do everything with her.The value of woman in this advertisement is not appreciated too much and the value of woman is lower than man.

Assignment 1 - Sexist advertisement about masculinity.

Assignment 1- about sexist advertisements

"No one drops them like we do.... Lowest prices  guaranteed "

In this advertisement we can see clearly that the company has used a woman body to describe that the prices are lower like the pants of the women.  How can you related these to things together ? I think that the company wants to show two thing. One which is that the prices are lower and the second one is that woman are in everyone hands, they can control them,drop their pants and do whatever they want with them.Using sexual lines to promote the lowering of prices is really a shame. Especially if you use only the female body to drop your pants. Why not use the man aswell?
This makes you wonder about the integrity of the people who make these ads and the real purpose behind them.

''Keep her where where she belongs''
Refering to the title that means that the shoes are very messagic and hurry to get those shoesi if you dontwant to lose the oppurtinity to took..In this advert we see a women and one shoes.Actually she is trying to promote the shoes as high quality and very confortable for the foots.Also,her body naked used to sell this product and to get more attention from people.This advertisement is sexist because tells us how our attention ,our way of thinking towards women culture have changed over the years.And sexism in this image is unavoidable.In my opinion this very offensive image for women's who accept to do things like that only towin money.

Assignement about sexist advertisements.

This is an advertisement about vitamins. The people who have composed this ad, for some illogical reason, have thought of promoting vitamins by using the hard work that women put in doing house chores. So they have created the saying " the harder a wife works, the cuter she looks".
Trying to implement the idea that women must do houseworks in order to be cuter than they already are, is really disturbing. And moreover pushing people to buy more vitamins... especially women in order to be better housewives is out of the common sense. They are just playing and fooling with their mentality and getting inside their rail of thoughts.
Advertising something so wrong is harmful and shameful because it gives an unrealistic image of how things really are.

Assignment 1- advertisement

In this advertisement there are five men and one woman, who is lying down and one of the man overcomes the woman. This is sexual and provokative against woman respect and undervalues the women's power.This advertisement shows that, if men dress in D&G they will be more handsome, powerful and they can have what they want. On the other hand, women think that, if they buy this product, they will become as desirable as the woman in the picture.

Sexist ads , Assingment 1

WHAT IN THE HELL!!!
A jewellery ad which shows how women can be bought .This is pure sexualization.Using bodies as universally applicable advertising instruments.Women stretching out  in front of the product making  both the product and themsevles desirable . These ads suggest that women are comodities ,they are easily purchased like the products advertised.This is very offensive and disturbing against us women not only becouse of these unscrupulous advertisers who are ready to do everything for money but also becouse of the perception men have for women .It is really irritating and gets not only in my nerves but of every female.A lot of men think they can buy a women by giving them jewelleries or whatever they think they can satisfy or manipulate  a women in order of ''something'' returned back .They think of women as sexual objects and matearilistic ones.It is true that we love jewelleries or things like that and they do suit us best but that doesn't mean men should take advantage of it to convert jewelleries for sex.In fact we don't want them at all if we are not loved and treatead well as a women should be .So dear men next time you think you can buy us with your worthless gifts think twice.Even if you want to surprize us, we value more little meaningful things.For you guys who call women materialistic ,have you ever tried to express your real feelings?

Assignment 1

“It is a man’s world”-this expression has become very monotonous and even it is the title of a song.They are just some words but with a big impact on people especially on woman.Actually this image doesn’t need many words to describe the fact that the advertiser is just  using some ties to show woman that man possess the world.A kneeling woman giving breakfast to her husband with a smile on her face showing happiness but her expression can also be fear.The only thing missing is a dog collar on woman and the photo would have been perfect.Something that I don’t understand is why he is dressed in the bed and even with a tie?The porpuse of this advertisement is the power of man on the tie but man should remember that are their wives who fix their ties in the morning.So in my opinion it is not about who rule the world but how every person rule her/his world.

Advertisement assignment

"I love my husband far to much to risk getting dry, lifeless middle-age skin"

Coming upon this advertisement is really hard to avoid noticing how far would ad companies go, in order to sell an anti-wrinkles cream. They put blame on women for a natural, biological feature that is destined to happen at a certain time in the future such as it is Aging. Moreover, using the theme of love to convince women that their partner is only supposed to love them as long as they have a young skin is despicable and a joke to mother nature. Another point is the usage of adjectives here such as " dry" or "lifeless".  Calling a skin lifeless is literally impossible but it is also a damaging idea implemented in women that leads them to a mental state of insecurities and hatred towards their own self. 

The irrationality of these ads is simply hideous and atrocious.

Assignment 1

I think that this photo is sexist because it introduces the advertisement that the company of the product has published. They have used the body of the woman to attract more attention so men's can buy the beer. This image is choose to undervalue the work the women do and that they can be used as a sexist object.

Week V Assignment

All students registered as authors can post pictures by clicking New Post on the top right corner of the blog. Then you can write a subject and a brief description or comment about the picture. Next,  you can upload the picture you have stored in your phone and press publish. I am using this picture as an illustration. Please do not forget to explain why the picture you have chosen is sexist, based on the criteria in the document attached below. 

http://www.werbewatchgroup-wien.at/files/Catalogue_of_Criteria_Sexist_Advertising.pdf

Week V Materials

Please read Laura Mulvey's PDF article and watch all the videos

• 1. Mulvey, Laura. “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema.” Film Theory and Criticism : Introductory Readings. Eds. Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen. New York: Oxford UP, 1999: 833-44.
• http://www.composingdigitalmedia.org/f15_mca/mca_reads/mulvey.pdf  

• 2. J. Kilbourne's Killing Us Softly (video link) 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy8yLaoWybk&list=PLSsjzj80vBHeQiepWQ3aN7HHNiICQjeMv
• 
  
  
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLz_C7q1nDc
  
  
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufHrVyVgwRg 
  
  
  http://www.jeankilbourne.com/videos/
  
  https://vimeo.com/56687715    (this one is for racial and ethnic representation of women in American film)

Week IV Reading List

Top TED talks by teens

http://womensenews.org/2016/11/top-10-ted-talks-by-teen-girls/ 

American women writers and war literature

https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/women-writing-war-list-essential-contemporary-war-literature-women/#! 

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/ 

CEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women) 

http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/ 

Words to Action (a UN newsletter on Violence Against Women)

http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/vaw/Words-to-Action-Issue-No.9.pdf 

CEDAW Albania Report

http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cedaw/docs/co/CEDAW-C-ALB-CO-3.pdf 

What people miss about the gender wage gap

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13XU4fMlN3w

Never Tell Her: "He's Mean Because He Likes You"

https://www.amightygirl.com/blog?p=21631&fbclid=IwAR3XadUg-idMpKRyklVy1Z-VF15CdFJkj_slyuucSUQkhCd-uI4fyWHxeV8

Free online course on gender based violence with young people

https://youth-mooc.eu/courses/gender-course/?fbclid=IwAR1O-NDkCiffX-pIuctwTBj46hDi1o6KwKsY4cD4Jk9Tm65HJWb8WCYQ9Bo

Week 3 Readings

Gender, law, and religion

Pope Francis on Gender Studies

http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2016/10/02/pope-francis-gender-theory-part-global-war-destroy-marriage/




Meet Rosie the Riveter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosie_the_Riveter


World religions (polytheism to atheism)

Religious doctrine, secularization, religious institution

gender and marriage rights, from child marriage to same-sex marriage laws in Europe and the US.

Property law, family law, human rights

Law and Violence against women


LSE podcast: http://www.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/videoAndAudio/channels/genderInstitute/player.aspx?id=3020

CEDAW Article 16 on marriage rights: http://www.slideshare.net/gecaware/religion-and-gender-lkypp-talk 

National Women's Law Center: https://nwlc.org/


https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/RRH-Poverty-Day-FS-1.pdf

Women's Reproductive Health Center:https://www.reproductiverights.org/sites/crr.civicactions.net/files/documents/AbortionMap_Factsheet_2013.pdf

Map: http://worldabortionlaws.com/map/

Key terms: gender politics, gendered subject, polygamy, divorce, civil rights, marriage, women's health, women in jurisdiction, human trafficking, violence against women, domestic violence, war crimes against women, child marriage, female circumcision, HIV, HPV, and reproductive health access. 

Links for gender pay gap

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/iceland-women-protest-strike-gender-pay-gap-leave-work-early-a7378801.html

https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Goal-5.pdf 

http://ec.europa.eu/justice/gender-equality/

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/File:Women_in_the_EU28.jpg